Abstract
In this paper, we give an overview of the evolution of wireless mobiles starting from the first generation which is the analogue system started in 1980’s, and passing through the 2G technologies which are all digital networks and GSM is the most popular network. 2.5G networks will introduce the packet notion on the existing 2G networks and 3G will bring the quality of service as new perspective for the 3G partnership projet 3GPP and 3GPP2. However, high demand on data speed has pushed the operators to looking for 3.5G system. 3.99G networks are defined as long-term evolution for the existing 3G network and it will be based on OFDM and MIMO technologies. 4G networks was not yet defined, but requirement is to support heterogeneous networks at 100 Mbps mobility data speed.
Highlights
Mobile networks have evolved through more than three generations, starting with the analogue or first-generation (1G) networks deployed in the early 1980s, and moving on to the digital second-generation (2G) networks deployed in the early 1990s
The International Telecommunications Union (ITU), for example, uses a different approach when defining 3G, it groups technologies based on theoretical maximum connection speeds
HSCSD uses a maximum of four circuit-switched timeslots to increase data rates to a maximum of 38.4-57.6 kbps, provided that the timeslots are high speed data (HSD) capable
Summary
Mobile networks have evolved through more than three generations, starting with the analogue or first-generation (1G) networks deployed in the early 1980s, and moving on to the digital second-generation (2G) networks deployed in the early 1990s. HSCSD uses a maximum of four circuit-switched timeslots (each timeslot has throughput of 9.6 kbps on 900 MHz networks, or 14.4 kbps on 1800 MHz networks) to increase data rates to a maximum of 38.4-57.6 kbps, provided that the timeslots are high speed data (HSD) capable This technology requires a software upgrade for the GSM network infrastructure base. The phase of cdmaOne development was the Single Carrier Radio Transmission Technology (1 × RTT) CDMA standard (increasingly known as just ‘1X’), an enhanced capability technology that provides increased capacity and data rates up to 144kbps for mobile devices. EV-DOrA allows QoS for low latency applications, multicast capabilities and higher system capacity
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