Abstract
A compact textile ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with an electrical dimension of 0.24λo × 0.24λo × 0.009λo with microstrip line feed at lower edge and a frequency of operation of 2.96 GHz is proposed for UWB application. The analytical investigation using circuit theory concepts and the cavity model of the antenna is presented to validate the design. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a wearable antenna with wide impedance bandwidth of 118.68 % (2.96–11.6 GHz) applicable for UWB range of 3.1 to 10.6 GHz. The results present a maximum gain of 5.47 dBi at 7.3 GHz frequency. Moreover, this antenna exhibits Omni and quasi-Omni radiation patterns at various frequencies (4 GHz, 7 GHz and 10 GHz) for short-distance communication. The cutting notch and slot on the patch, and its effect on the antenna impedance to increase performance through current distribution is also presented. The time-domain characteristic of the proposed antenna is also discussed for the analysis of the pulse distortion phenomena. A constant group delay less than 1 ns is obtained over the entire operating impedance bandwidth (2.96–11.6 GHz) of the textile antenna in both situations, i.e., side by side and front to front. Linear phase consideration is also presented for both situations, as well as configurations of reception and transmission. An assessment of the effects of bending and humidity has been demonstrated by placing the antenna on the human body. The specific absorption rate (SAR) value was tested to show the radiation effect on the human body, and it was found that its impact on the human body SAR value is 1.68 W/kg, which indicates the safer limit to avoid radiation effects. Therefore, the proposed method is promising for telemedicine and mobile health systems.
Highlights
The communications and telemedicine industry have been continuously evolving over the years
The development of compact textile antenna has been designed, which is applicable for the UWB application
The mathematical analysis was completed through circuit theory using the cavity model of antenna, which validates the proposed design
Summary
The communications and telemedicine industry have been continuously evolving over the years. The integration of antennas with a human body is essential to promote continuous monitoring. These processes arise due to deformation on different angles in the human body and biological material properties. In such a situation, wearable antennas have crucial advantages. The textile-based Ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas have vast applications in telemedicine and healthcare scenarios. It can be used for short-distance communication with high-speed data and low power consumption for continuous real-time monitoring of psychological patients’ data. Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) require wide bandwidth to guarantee continuous patient supervision, wearable and compact antennas play a crucial role in the design and development of telemedicine systems
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