Abstract
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) offers a potential approach to fabricate large-scale magnesium alloy components with low cost and high efficiency, although this topic is yet to be reported in literature. In this study, WAAM is preliminarily applied to fabricate AZ31 magnesium. Fully dense AZ31 magnesium alloy components are successfully obtained. Meanwhile, to refine grains and obtain good mechanical properties, the effects of pulse frequency (1, 2, 5, 10, 100, and 500 Hz) on the macrostructure, microstructure and tensile properties are investigated. The results indicate that pulse frequency can result in the change of weld pool oscillations and cooling rate. This further leads to the change of the grain size, grain shape, as well as the tensile properties. Meanwhile, due to the resonance of the weld pool at 5 Hz and 10 Hz, the samples have poor geometry accuracy but contain finer equiaxed grains (21 μm) and exhibit higher ultimate tensile strength (260 MPa) and yield strength (102 MPa), which are similar to those of the forged AZ31 alloy. Moreover, the elongation of all samples is above 23%.
Highlights
As the lightest structural alloys, magnesium alloys have attracted great attention in recent years
In the automotive industry, magnesium alloys play an important role in reducing weight and realizing energy saving and emission reduction by replacing steel and aluminum parts [7,8,9]
AZ31 magnesium alloy is the most widely used among all wrought magnesium alloys
Summary
As the lightest structural alloys, magnesium alloys have attracted great attention in recent years They possess many excellent properties, such as high specific strength, good mechanic damping properties, electromagnetic shielding properties, castability, machining property, weldability, recyclability, biodegradability etc. [1,2,3,4] They have been widely used in aerospace, aircraft, automotive, electronics, and other industries [5,6]. In the automotive industry, magnesium alloys play an important role in reducing weight and realizing energy saving and emission reduction by replacing steel and aluminum parts [7,8,9]. AZ31 magnesium alloy is the most widely used among all wrought magnesium alloys
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