Abstract
McMurdo station (77.8°S, 166.7°E), locating at the poleward edge of the auroral oval, provides great opportunities for researchers to study the interactions among neutral atmosphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere. More than four years of valuable data have been collected, leading to several new discoveries from the McMurdo lidar campaign. Presented here are the winter temperature tides and their responses to the magnetospheric sources. Winter temperature structures from the lidar observations are also presented for this high southern latitude.
Highlights
Polar middle and upper atmosphere is complex and is one of the least understood regions on the Earth
The open geomagnetic field lines allow the energetic particles penetrate into the lower thermosphere or even mesosphere under strong geomagnetic disturbance, and the energy carried by these energetic particles eventually transfer into the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) system
Such strong coupling between the polar IT system and the magnetosphere complicates the situation when considering the energy budget and dynamics, and it is still unclear that how magnetosphere energy is dissipated and distributed spatially and temporally in this region
Summary
The open geomagnetic field lines allow the energetic particles penetrate into the lower thermosphere or even mesosphere under strong geomagnetic disturbance, and the energy carried by these energetic particles eventually transfer into the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) system. Such strong coupling between the polar IT system and the magnetosphere complicates the situation when considering the energy budget and dynamics, and it is still unclear that how magnetosphere energy is dissipated and distributed spatially and temporally in this region. University of Colorado (CU) Lidar group has deployed an Fe Boltzmann lidar system at McMurdo since December 2010. P is the population of the state, g is the degeneracy factor, ΔE is the energy difference between the two states, kB is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the temperature
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