Abstract
AbstractAimRecent studies suggest insect declines in parts of Europe; however, the generality of these trends across different taxa and regions remains unclear. Standardized data are not available to assess large‐scale, long‐term changes for most insect groups but opportunistic citizen science data are widespread for some. Here, we took advantage of citizen science data to investigate distributional changes of Odonata.LocationGermany.MethodsWe compiled over 1 million occurrence records from different regional databases. We used occupancy‐detection models to account for imperfect detection and estimate annual distributions for each species during 1980–2016 within 5 × 5 km quadrants. We also compiled data on species attributes that were hypothesized to affect species’ sensitivity to different drivers and related them to the changes in species’ distributions. We further developed a novel approach to cluster groups of species with similar patterns of distributional change to represent multispecies indicators.ResultsMore species increased (45%) than decreased (29%) or remained stable (26%) in their distribution (i.e. number of occupied quadrants). Species showing increases were generally warm‐adapted species and/or running water species, while species showing decreases were cold‐adapted species using standing water habitats such as bogs. Time series clustering defined five main patterns of change—each associated with a specific combination of species attributes, and confirming the key roles of species’ temperature and habitat preferences. Overall, our analysis predicted that mean quadrant‐level species richness has increased over most of the time period.Main conclusionsTrends in Odonata provide mixed news—improved water quality, coupled with positive impacts of climate change, could explain the positive trends of many species. At the same time, declining species point to conservation challenges associated with habitat loss and degradation. Our study demonstrates the great value of citizen science and the work of natural history societies for assessing large‐scale distributional change.
Highlights
Recent studies suggest long-term declines of insect populations in different parts of Europe (Conrad et al, 2006; Hallmann et al, 2017; Homburg et al, 2019; Valtonen et al, 2017)
Our study demonstrates the great value of citizen science and the work of natural history societies for assessing large-scale distributional change
Our results are consistent with other studies on Odonata species that show increasing trends in Europe (Powney et al, 2015; Termaat et al, 2019; van Strien et al, 2016) and more generally positive trends in biomass of freshwater insects found in some datasets (Van Klink et al, 2020)
Summary
Recent studies suggest long-term declines of insect populations in different parts of Europe (Conrad et al, 2006; Hallmann et al, 2017; Homburg et al, 2019; Valtonen et al, 2017). Such declines are a major conservation concern, especially because they could have a broad range of cascading effects for other species (Cardoso et al, 2020; Hallmann et al, 2014). To facilitate conservation decision-making, there is an urgent need to make use of all available data to estimate large-scale and long-term changes in insect populations and communities
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