Abstract
Japanese Encephalitis (JE) a vector borne zoonoitc disease caused by arbovirus of Flavivirus and transmitted by Culex tritaeniorhynchus additionally pig acts as amplifying host for the virus. A total 115 swine serum samples 100 pig farmers from each district were tested against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection. The collected samples were analyzed by using “Porcine Encephalitis B Virus Antibody Rapid Test Kit”. Among them 17% samples were positive for JE while 83% samples were negative for JE. Total 18% were positive for JE in Morang district while 115.4% were positive for Kathmandu district. There was no significant difference in prevalence of JE in these two districts (p>0.05). In Kathmandu, the prevalence was 15.4% while in Morang it was slightly higher, 18%. 9.5% younger pigs of 3-9 months of age were positive for JE and 20.6% of age above 9 months were positive of JE but were no significant (p>0.05). Similarly, 17.9% female pigs and 14.6% male pigs were positive for JE however difference was not significantly different. In case of breed, no association of pigs with seropositivity (p>0.05), 7 (13.5%) out of 52 local breed pigs and 12 (19.1%) out of 63 were JE positive. The prevalence rate of JEV was higher in Morang district among study area which might be due to several factors like lack of education in pig farmers, non vaccinated pig population and lack of awareness regarding risk factor of JEV.
 Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 373-378
Highlights
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito borne zoonotic disease
This study is aimed to find out the level of prevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in different topographical region (Morang considered as terai district, lies in tropical and Kathmandu as hilly district, lies in temperate region) for further extensive research for JE virus and its genotype which will help for future extension education opportunities in these communities
Swine Sero-Survey Result A total of 115 sera samples were collected from pigs for detection of antibody against JEV infection. 50 samples were collected from Morang and 65 from Kathmandu valley
Summary
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito borne zoonotic disease. It is caused by an arbovirus of Flaviviridae family (Lindenbach and Rice, 2001). The virus responsible for Japanese encephalitis B (JEB) was re-isolated in 1933 and characterized in 1934, when it was experimentally inoculated into monkey brain and successfully reproduced the disease (Jani, 2009). The ability of this virus to infect pigs, bovines, dogs and sheep was found in 1954 (Pond et al, 1954). Culex tritaeniorhynchus is the predominant mosquito vector of JE (Samuel et al, 2000) that becomes active during dawn and dusk (Baik and Joo, 1991) and has average flight range of 1.5 Km (Henrich et al, 2003)
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