Abstract
There are numerous studies indicating that a moderate consumption of red wine provides certain health benefits, such as the protection against neurodegenerative diseases. This protective effect is most likely due to the presence of phenolic compounds in wine. Wine polyphenolic compounds are well known for the antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress is involved in many forms of cellular and molecular deterioration. This damage can lead to cell death and various neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's diseases. Extensive investigations have been undertaken to determine the neuroprotective effects of wine-related polyphenols. In this review we present the neuroprotective abilities of the major classes of wine-related polyphenols.
Highlights
Aging is a risk factor common to a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease
In this review we present the neuroprotective abilities of the major classes of wine-related polyphenols
In this review we investigate the neuroprotective abilities of the major classes of polyphenols in wine: flavanols, proanthocyanins, flavonols, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, tannins, and stilbenes
Summary
Aging is a risk factor common to a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease. Oxidative stress resulting in ROS generation and inflammation is responsible for many forms of cellular and molecular deterioration such as mitochondrial collapsing, DNA damage, and protein, carbohydrate, and lipid oxidation [9] This damage can lead to early cell aging, cell death, and various chronic pathologies like neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular illnesses, cancers, or type 2 diabetes [2, 6, 10, 11]. Several neuroprotective mechanisms of action have been proposed, suggesting that polyphenols exert their activities by reducing the production and the accumulation of ROS, whose accumulation is likely to play a crucial pathological role in brain aging, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation and modulating the activity of intracellular signal transduction molecules [19,20,21]. Numerous studies indicate that catechin derivatives may delay the onset of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease through a numerous different mechanisms such as iron chelators, radical scavengers, and modulators of prosurvival genes [31, 37,38,39,40]
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