Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and red wine (RW) are two basic elements that form part of the so-called Mediterranean diet. Both stand out because of their high phenolic compound content and their potential related health benefits. The present study is focused on the metabolic disposition of resveratrol (RESV), tyrosol (TYR), and hydroxytyrosol (HT) following the consumption of EVOO, RW, and a combination of both. In this study, 12 healthy volunteers consumed a single dose of 25 mL of EVOO, 150 mL of RW, and a combination of both in a crossover randomized clinical trial. Urinary recovery of RESV, TYR, and HT was analysed in urine samples collected over a 6-h period following the intake of each treatment. Higher HT levels were observed following EVOO compared to RW (3788 ± 1751 nmols and 2308 ± 847 nmols respectively). After the combination of EVOO and RW, the recovery of TYR and HT metabolites increased statistically compared to their separate consumption (4925 ± 1751 nmols of TYR and 6286 ± 3198 nmols of HT). EVOO triggered an increase in glucuronide conjugates, while RW intake raised sulfate metabolites. Marginal effects were observed in RESV increased bioavailability after the combination of RW with the fat matrix provided by EVOO.
Highlights
Research has shown that the Mediterranean diet (MD) reduces the risk of overall mortality and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases, cancer, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s [1].Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and red wine (RW) represent two of the richest sources of phenolic compounds from the MD
Marginal effects were observed in RESV increased bioavailability after the combination of RW with the fat matrix provided by EVOO
RW contained a concentration of 2.4 ± 0.1 mg/L of t-RESV, while the concentration of c-RESV
Summary
Research has shown that the Mediterranean diet (MD) reduces the risk of overall mortality and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases, cancer, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s [1]. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and red wine (RW) represent two of the richest sources of phenolic compounds from the MD. They are thought to be major contributors to the beneficial health effects attributed to the MD. The main phenolic compounds present in EVOO are hydroxytyrosol (HT). The most well-known polyphenol present in RW is resveratrol (RESV), mainly as its glucoside piceid. RW contains a wide range of phenolic compounds with biological activities such as gallic acid, syringic acid, hydroxytyrosol, luteolin, and quercitin, among others [5] Tyrosol (TYR) in the form of their respective secoiridoids oleuropein and ligstroside [2,3,4].
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