Abstract
AbstractWind-tunnel experiments are the most effective approaches both to elucidate the flows around runners in track-and-field athletics, and to evaluate their air resistances. In the present study, we develop a moving-belt system, and show its basic performance, such as the distributions of time-mean flow velocity and turbulent intensity above the moving-belt using a hot-wire anemometer. As a result, we have confirmed the effective improvement of the velocity distributions in terms of flow uniformity and turbulence reduction, especially near the moving-belt surface. Following, using this the developed moving-belt system, we investigate the air resistance on a runner in solo running and in duet running. For solo running, we reveal an increase in air resistance of more than 10% in comparison with the conventional result with no moving-belt system. For duet running, we reveal the optimum duet-running formation where a following runner behind a pacemaker experiences small air resistances or strong drafts.
Highlights
Aerodynamics often becomes a crucial factor in various aspects of sports
My recent research interests include ground effect. Using this developed moving-belt system, we precisely evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics of models which move near the ground
In wind-tunnel experiments, the moving-belt system is indispensable for precise aerodynamic measurements, if the concerning flow is affected by relation with the “ground effect.”
Summary
Aerodynamics often becomes a crucial factor in various aspects of sports. Concerning most trackand-field athletics and marathons, it is important to elucidate the flow around runners, and to evaluate their air resistances or wind resistances. In wind-tunnel experiments, the moving-belt system is indispensable for precise aerodynamic measurements, if the concerning flow is affected by relation with the “ground effect.”. For runners in track-and-field athletics and marathons, there have been no accurate wind-tunnel measurements using the moving-belt system, where we ignore the ground effect. We attempt to develop a moving-belt system for accurate wind-tunnel experiments, and show its basic performance such as the profiles of time-mean flow velocity and turbulence intensity above the moving belt of the system using a hot-wire anemometer. We measure the vertical displacements of the moving belt by a laser displacement gauge Using this developed moving-belt system, we precisely evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics of a runner. Second we investigate the drag of a runner in duet running with various duet-running formations to understand the aerodynamically effective formation for strong drafting
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