Abstract
The operation of offshore wind power plants with respect to power quality and grid code compliance must be verified for different conditions in the design phase using harmonic analysis methods. This paper addresses this verification by first considering a scenario in which wind turbines operate with a typically used modulation strategy, carrier-based pulse width modulation. The studies are performed at several operating points, not only at the rated condition, and at two points of the electrical infrastructure, at the point of connection of the wind turbine and at the point of common coupling of the offshore wind farm. For this type of modulation technique and according to the resonance conditions of the studied offshore system, the harmonic distortion of current signals is relatively high and the compliance of the German – grid code is not achieved. To tackle this, wind turbine manufacturer oriented solutions are proposed with the aim of improving the harmonic emission of the offshore wind farm. The implementation of a particular solution of selective harmonic elimination is presented together with complementary solutions to further improve the harmonic emission of the wind power facility. Furthermore, this paper discloses the modeling approach to account for an adequate harmonic assessment of the wind power plant under study.
Highlights
Harmonics are a special concern in the offshore wind industry due to the high penetration of power converters in type-4 wind turbines [1].Type-4 wind turbines (WTs) offer many advantages, which is why they are installed in offshore wind power plant (OWPP) scenarios
Type-4 WTs can be considered as a source of harmonics, which significantly contributes to the overall harmonic emission at the point of common coupling (PCC) of the OWPP
It is possible to represent the magnitude and phase of harmonics that are injected by WTs, which mainly depend on the type of modulation strategy and control loops
Summary
Harmonics are a special concern in the offshore wind industry due to the high penetration of power converters in type-4 wind turbines [1]. This paper exploits the strengths and applicability of the WT harmonic model proposed in reference [12] to represent the harmonic emission of a real grid side converter (GSC) In this sense, it is possible to represent the magnitude and phase of harmonics that are injected by WTs, which mainly depend on the type of modulation strategy and control loops. As the main contribution of this paper, the studies and the modeling approach presented here serve as a generic simulation tool for stakeholders within the wind power industry, to conduct harmonic studies and evaluate the grid code compliance of an OWPP from a power quality perspective and during the design stage of a wind power plant.
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