Abstract
Wind codes and standards have been used commonly when designing regularshaped tall buildings to withstand wind loads. High-Frequency Base Balance (HFBB) data analysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have now emerged as alternative techniques to these wind codes and standards. This paper compares wind-induced building responses estimated from CFD analysis and those obtained using major international wind codes: AS/NZS1170.2:2011 (Australia/New Zealand), AIJ-RLB-2004 (Japan) and Eurocode-2005 (Europe), with HFBB predictions. The initial comparison was done on a rectangular 60-storey building model and subsequently, the study was extended to building models with different b/d ratios (breadth/depth) under three height categories. The results show that there are minor discrepancies between the code-predicted alongwind responses and those obtained using different approaches with different b/d ratios. Moreover, the across-wind responses predicted by the wind codes significantly deviate from the HFBB results, especially when the wind direction is normal to the shorter face of the building. The deviations intensify as the b/d ratio decreases. Nevertheless, the CFD predictions correspond well with the HFBB predictions for along-wind responses having deviations under 10%, highlighting the capability of CFD simulation for predicting global wind-induced responses of tall buildings.
Highlights
As buildings become taller their sensitivity to wind loads increases
The main objective of the study was to compare the predictions of wind-induced responses of tall buildings using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis and a set of wind codes: Eurocode, AS/NZS and AIJ, with reference to High-Frequency Base Balance (HFBB) data analysis
It is observed that the maximum deviation between CFD and HFBB predictions for the base shear force and base bending moment are 5.7% and 8.1% respectively
Summary
As buildings become taller their sensitivity to wind loads increases. aannaccurate determination of the wind-induced building response is necessary to ensure safe and economical designs. Most codes use a random vibration based gust loading factor approach for assessing the dynamic along-wind response of buildings, different codes define different parameters with minor deviations among them [6], [7]. During the past few decades, the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate wind conditions around buildings and structures and thereby determine wind loads imposed on them has become popular, mainly due to the enhancement of computational capacity [14]–[17] This has, to a certain extent, replaced the necessity to conduct physical wind tunnel tests on tall buildings. This study further evaluates the applicability of CFD for determining wind-induced responses of buildings with respect to HFBB data analysis and code-based approaches. The comparison was subsequently extended to building models with different aspect ratios (width: length: height) in order to have a comprehensive understanding of the consistency of wind codes including their dependence on the b/d ratio
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