Abstract
This study analyzed the wind speed data of the met mast in the first commercial-scale offshore wind farm of Taiwan from May 2017 to April 2018. The mean wind speed and standard deviation, wind rose, histogram, wind speed profile, and diurnal variation of wind speed with associated changes in wind direction revealed some noteworthy findings. First, the standard deviation of the corresponding mean wind speed is somewhat high. Second, the Hellmann exponent is as low as 0.05. Third, afternoons in winter and nights and early mornings in summer have the highest and lowest wind speed in a year, respectively. Regarding the histogram, the distribution probability of wind is bimodal, which can be depicted as a mixture of two gamma distributions. In addition, the corresponding change between the hourly mean wind speed and wind direction revealed that the land–sea breeze plays a significant role in wind speed distribution, wind profile, and wind energy production. The low Hellmann exponent is discussed in detail. To further clarify the effect of the land–sea breeze for facilitating future wind energy development in Taiwan, we propose some recommendations.
Highlights
Wind energy is a sustainable renewable energy source with lower impact on the environment than fossil fuel burning
This study aims to investigate the wind speed characteristics of the first offshore wind farm in Taiwan for further performance evaluation of the wind farm and providing insightful technical details for further wind energy development in Taiwan
The wind characteristics of Formosa I offshore wind farm located in the Taiwan Strait can be roughly understood from the annual mean and standard deviation of wind speed and the wind rose
Summary
Wind energy is a sustainable renewable energy source with lower impact on the environment than fossil fuel burning. Wind power is becoming increasingly ubiquitous in countries. In 2018, wind power accounted for 4.8% of global electricity. In 2019, the total installed capacity of wind turbines increased by 10% to 620 gigawatts (GW), of which the total installed capacity of offshore wind power was 27 GW, with a net increase of 5 GW (19%) [1,2]. The Taiwan Strait accounts for most of the top 20 offshore wind farm sites in the world, making it an excellent location for developing offshore wind power. The primary goal of Taiwan is to raise its offshore wind power capacity to 5.7 GW by
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