Wind Accretion and Binary Evolution of the Microquasar LS 5039

Abstract

There is much evidence to suggest that stellar wind capture, rather than Roche lobe overflow, serves as the mechanism for accretion onto the compact secondary object in the massive X-ray binary LS 5039. The lack of significant emission combined with only a modest X-ray flux provides observational evidence that no large-scale mass transfer is occurring (consistent with our estimate of the radius of the O6.5 V((f)) optical star that is smaller than its critical Roche radius). Here we determine the mass-loss rate of the optical star from the broad, residual emission in the Hα profile. Using a stellar wind accretion model for a range in assumed primary mass, we compute the predicted X-ray luminosity for the system. We compare our results to the observed X-ray luminosity to determine the mass of the compact object for each case. The companion appears to be a neutron star with a mass between 1 and 3 M☉. With our new constraints on the masses of both components, we discuss their implications on the evolution of the system before and after the supernova event that created the compact companion. The binary experienced significant mass loss during the supernova, and we find that the predictions for the resulting runaway velocity agree well with the observed peculiar space velocity. LS 5039 may be the fastest runaway object among known massive X-ray binaries.