Abstract
BackgroundBurnout worldwide and migration of caregivers are among the most important challenges of the twenty-first century health care.MethodsQuantitative, online survey of Hungarian physicians (n = 4 784) was performed in 2013. A link to an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was sent to all potential participants, namely to the registered members of the Hungarian Medical Chamber with a valid e-mail address. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of burnout. The association between physicians’ burnout and their willingness to migrate was determined by binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsModerate/mild level of personal accomplishment was detected in 65% of respondents, whereas moderate/severe level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization was detected in 49% and 46%, respectively. Single male physicians younger than 35 composed the cohort with the highest risk for developing burnout. Higher daily working hours and multiple workplaces contribute to the risk of developing burnout.According to logistic regression analysis, the intention to work abroad was affected by the emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout (OR = 1.432) and depersonalization had a tendency to have an impact on the willingness to migrate.ConclusionsWe assume that there is a circular causality between burnout and the willingness to migrate. Burnout increases the willingness to work abroad, whereas contemplating migration might evoke a certain degree of depersonalization in caregivers who are in a dilemma.
Highlights
Burnout worldwide and migration of caregivers are among the most important challenges of the twenty-first century health care
We examined the correlation between emotional exhaustion (EE), DP, personal accomplishment subscales (PA) and the willingness to work abroad
Heavy workload, young age and doing shift work correlated significantly with EE, which is the core dimension of burnout. These results are in line with the international trends: heavy workload and young age were associated with high scores of all dimensions of burnout [27, 28]
Summary
Burnout worldwide and migration of caregivers are among the most important challenges of the twenty-first century health care. The main factors of this phenomenon are the following: shortage of healthcare workers, aging and burnout of physicians and a higher demand for chronic care. The migration of healthcare workers has been a highlighted issue in the past four decades. According to the EU forecast, around 60 000 doctors have to retire within 2 years (2020) in Europe [5]. In Hungary, according to the data of the National Health Service Center, 51% of the practicing physicians are older than 49 years, whereas the issue of migration affects mostly the young age group [6]. According to the Hungarian data, it is the 55–60-year-old age group that
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