Abstract
Recent small-scale clinical trials have shown promising results in the use of hydroxychloroquine, an FDA approved anti-malaria drug, for the treatment of COVID-19. However, large scale, randomized and double-blind clinical trials are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients. Here, we review the progress of using hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine as anti-viral agents, failed clinical trials of chloroquine in treatment of dengue virus and influenza infection, and especially the mechanism of azithromycin in inhibiting viral replication, so as to shed light on the ongoing clinical trials and further researches of hydroxychloroquine on SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
Highlights
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
We review the progress of using hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine as anti-viral agents, failed clinical trials of chloroquine in treatment of dengue virus and influenza infection, and especially the mechanism of azithromycin in inhibiting viral replication, so as to shed light on the ongoing clinical trials and further researches of hydroxychloroquine on SARS-CoV-2 infected patients
SARS-CoV-2 is a highly virulent newly emerging coronavirus belonging to the Betacoronavirus genus within the family of Coronaviridae, which includes four genera: Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus, and Deltacoronavirus [1]
Summary
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Vaccines and Molecular Therapeutics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology. Large scale, randomized and double-blind clinical trials are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 patients. HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE AND CHLOROQUINE INHIBIT VIRUS INFECTION IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
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