Abstract
The global trade in wildlife provides disease transmission mechanisms that not only cause human disease outbreaks but also threaten livestock, international trade, rural livelihoods, native wildlife populations, and the health of ecosystems. Outbreaks resulting from wildlife trade have caused hundreds of billions of dollars of economic damage globally. Rather than attempting to eradicate pathogens or the wild species that may harbor them, a practical approach would include decreasing the contact rate among species, including humans, at the interface created by the wildlife trade. Since wildlife marketing functions as a system of scale-free networks with major hubs, these points provide control opportunities to maximize the effects of regulatory efforts.
Highlights
The global trade in wildlife provides disease transmission mechanisms that cause human disease outbreaks and threaten livestock, international trade, rural livelihoods, native wildlife populations, and the health of ecosystems
Threats to global health and risk factors for emerging infectious diseases run the gamut from climate change to poverty to security issues, but few are as immediately manageable as the global trade in wildlife
Quantifying the global wildlife trade is almost impossible since it ranges in scale from local barter to major international routes, and much is conducted illegally or through informal networks
Summary
The global trade in wildlife provides disease transmission mechanisms that cause human disease outbreaks and threaten livestock, international trade, rural livelihoods, native wildlife populations, and the health of ecosystems. Trade in wildlife provides disease transmission mechanisms at levels that cause human disease outbreaks and threaten livestock, international trade, rural livelihoods, native wildlife populations, and the health of ecosystems. Mammals, birds, and reptiles flow daily through trading centers, where they are in contact with persons and with dozens of other species before they are shipped to other markets, sold locally, or even freed and sent back into the wild as part of religious customs such as merit release [4] or because they become unwanted pets.
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