Abstract
There are 11 plant species of the Orchidaceae family in the city area of Tyumen; eight of them are protected in the Tyumen region, one species is included in the Red Book of Russia. Representatives of the family are found in the urban forest complex, roadside forest belts, on lawns and in public gardens of the central part of the city. Most species are represented locally by single specimens or small groups; three species – Epipactis helleborine, Platanthera bifolia and Neottianthe cucullata can form large complete coenopopulations. The main anthropogenous factors negatively affecting the condition of orchids in the city are: reconstruction of roads and plantations, regular mowing of grass in the habitats of plants. The protection of species requires coordinated efforts of municipal services for the improvement of urban areas and environmental organizations.
Highlights
Orchidaceae are often listed in the Red Books because of their vulnerability to human impact, leading to a decline in numbers and sometimes the complete extinction of species in impacted areas
About 60% of the species of this family that inhabit the territory of Russia are included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation; in some regions of the country this figure reaches 100% [1]
Eight of the 11 species are included in the Red Book of the Tyumen Region [9], and Neottianthe cucullata – in the Red Book of Russia [10]
Summary
Orchidaceae are often listed in the Red Books because of their vulnerability to human impact, leading to a decline in numbers and sometimes the complete extinction of species in impacted areas. About 60% of the species of this family that inhabit the territory of Russia are included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation; in some regions of the country this figure reaches 100% [1]. Some species even inhabit the roadsides of high-traffic roads, while being quite healthy. This shows their resistance to the most obvious negative factors of the urban environment chemical pollution of air and soil, as well as the acoustic impact and vibration, generated by traffic. This study is aimed at researching the diversity of orchid species in the city area of Tyumen, assessing the current state of the species and analyzing the main threats to their existence
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