Abstract
Consumption of greens is a major source of vitamins and micro-nutrients for people using only vegetarian diets rich in carbohydrates. In remote rural settlements where vegetable cultivation is not practiced and market supplies are not organized, local inhabitants depend on indigenous vegetables, both cultivated in kitchen gardens and wild, for enriching the diversity of food. Knowledge of such foods is part of traditional knowledge which is largely transmitted through participation of individuals of households. A total of 123 households in six villages of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve buffer zone was surveyed using a schedule to assess the knowledge, availability and consumption pattern of wild leafy vegetables. Quantity estimations were done using regular visits with informants from 30 sample households of the six study villages during the collections. Monetization was used to see the value of wild leafy vegetables harvested during a year. The diversity of wild leafy vegetables being use by the local inhabitants is 21 species belonging to 14 genera and 11 families. This is far less than that being reported to be used by the communities from Western Ghats in India and some parts of Africa. Irrespective of social or economic status all households in the study villages had the knowledge and used wild leafy vegetables. The number of households reported to consume these wild leafy vegetables is greater than the number of households reporting to harvest them for all species except for Diplazium esculentum and Phytolacca acinosa. The availability and use period varied for the species are listed by the users. The study indicated that the knowledge is eroding due to changing social values and non participation of younger generation in collection and processing of such wild leafy vegetables.
Highlights
Since time immemorial useful plants have been handled by human societies for medicinal and food purposes
Most human plant food is based on rather limited number of crops (12 crops contribute more than 85–90% of worlds caloric intake), but it is clear that in many parts of the world the use of wild plants is not negligible [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Depopulation of rural areas has led to erosion of traditional knowledge [12,13]
Summary
Since time immemorial useful plants have been handled by human societies for medicinal and food purposes. Most human plant food is based on rather limited number of crops (12 crops contribute more than 85–90% of worlds caloric intake), but it is clear that in many parts of the world the use of wild plants is not negligible [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. The nutritional value of traditional leafy vegetables is higher [18,24,25,26] than several known common vegetables. Most traditional plant foods are generally uncultivated and underutilized [5,22]
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