Abstract
High-precision indoor localisation is becoming a necessity with novel location-based services that are emerging around 5G. The deployment of high-precision indoor location technologies is usually costly due to the high density of reference points. In this work, we propose the opportunistic fusion of several different technologies, such as ultra-wide band (UWB) and WiFi fine-time measurement (FTM), in order to improve the performance of location. We also propose the use of fusion with cellular networks, such as LTE, to complement these technologies where the number of reference points is under-determined, increasing the availability of the location service. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is presented to weight the different reference points to eliminate outliers, and several searching methods are presented and evaluated for the localisation algorithm. An experimental setup is used to validate the presented system, using UWB and WiFi FTM due to their incorporation in the latest flagship smartphones. It is shown that the use of multi-technology fusion in trilateration algorithm remarkably optimises the precise coverage area. In addition, it reduces the positioning error by over-determining the positioning problem. This technique reduces the costs of any network deployment oriented to location services, since a reduced number of reference points from each technology is required.
Highlights
Location-based services in the fifth generation (5G) mobile network require reliable, continuous, and precise positioning information for their full functionality potential [1].Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have settled as the reference localisation system for outdoor navigation
The results obtained from each case are described separately in order to demonstrate the performance of multi-technology fusion
The different searching methods of Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) are executed in order to observe some location characteristics for each Case
Summary
Location-based services in the fifth generation (5G) mobile network require reliable, continuous, and precise positioning information for their full functionality potential [1]. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have settled as the reference localisation system for outdoor navigation. GNSS offer a meter-level accuracy at open sky scenarios. The precision is reduced drastically when the target enters a building or tunnel. Several technologies (e.g., WiFi and Bluetooth) and techniques (e.g., fingerprinting and image recognition) try to provide accurate and precise location information [2,3]. Indoor scenarios are extremely challenging due to the harsh radio propagation conditions
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
