Abstract
We developed third-harmonic free-electron laser (FEL) oscillations that operated from the visible to near-infrared region. Our infrared FEL system uses the storage ring NIJI-IV, which produced the first third-harmonic storage ring FEL oscillations. By measuring the characteristics of the third-harmonic FEL oscillations, we found that behavior of the third-harmonic FEL could be explained by a one-dimensional FEL theory. We demonstrated that the higher harmonic was effective in shortening the FEL wavelength, so it will save electron-beam energy in X-ray FEL oscillators based on a cw energy-recovery linac.
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