Abstract
We demonstrate tunable on-chip single photon sources using the Stark tuning of single quantum dot (QD) excitonic transitions in short photonic crystal waveguides (PhC WGs). The emission of single QDs can be tuned in real-time by 9 nm with an applied bias voltage less than 2V. Due to a reshaped density of optical modes in the PhC WG, a large coupling efficiency \beta>65% to the waveguide mode is maintained across a wavelength range of 5 nm. When the QD is resonant with the Fabry-Perot mode of the PhC WG, a strong enhancement of spontaneous emission is observed leading to a maximum coupling efficiency \beta=88%. These results represent an important step towards the scalable integration of single photon sources in quantum photonic integrated circuits.
Highlights
The integration of quantum dot (QD) with PhC structures, such as photonic crystal cavities (PhCCs) and photonic crystal waveguides (PhC WGs), has attracted tremendous attention in recent years as it may enable the realization of large arrays of efficient single photon sources on a chip
We demonstrate tunable on-chip single photon sources using the Stark tuning of single quantum dot (QD) excitonic transitions in short photonic crystal waveguides (PhC WGs)
The emission of single QDs can be tuned in real-time by 9 nm with an applied bias voltage less than 2V
Summary
The integration of QDs with PhC structures, such as photonic crystal cavities (PhCCs) and PhC WGs, has attracted tremendous attention in recent years as it may enable the realization of large arrays of efficient single photon sources on a chip. The increased local density of states (LDOS) in the flat part of the dispersion curve of PhC WG modes enhances the QD spontaneous emission rate [1,2,3,4,5], resulting in an optimized coupling efficiency over a relatively broad spectral range. We report the first electrically tunable single-photon sources in PhC WGs. Due to the broadband nature of the LDOS reshaping in a PhC WG we achieve a high coupling efficiency to the WG mode over a large tuning range of ~5 nm, much larger than it would be possible using a fixed-wavelength cavity. The electrical tunability combined with high efficiencies make these sources very attractive for integration into quantum photonic integrated circuits
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