Abstract
This paper presents a wideband, low-profile and semi-flexible antenna for wearable biomedical telemetry applications. The antenna is designed on a semi-flexible material of RT/duroid 5880 (E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 2.2, tanδ = 0.0004) with an overall dimensions of 17 mm × 25 mm × 0.787 mm (0.2λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.29λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.009λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ). A conventional rectangular patch is modified by adding rectangular slots to lower the resonant frequency, and the partial ground plane is modified to enhance the operational bandwidth. The final antenna model operates at 2.4 GHz with a 10-dB bandwidth (fractional bandwidth) of 1380 MHz (59.7 % at the centre frequency of 2.4 GHz). The proposed antenna maintains high gain (2.50 dBi at 2.4 GHz) and efficiency (93 % at 2.4 GHz). It is proved from the simulations and experimental results that the antenna has negligible effects in terms of reflection coefficient, bandwidth, gain, and efficiency when it is bent. Moreover, the antenna is simulated and experimentally tested in proximity of the human body, which shows good performance. The proposed wideband antenna is a promising candidate for compact wearable biomedical devices.
Highlights
In recent ages, a significant interest is developed towards the flexible/semi-flexible devices to be worn for biomedical telemetry applications
In [21], a wearable antenna using a fabric material as a substrate, knitted copper as patch, and ground plane is designed for medical applications, the overall dimensions of the antenna are large to be used in any compact environment
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS The proposed wearable antenna was fabricated on semiflexible material of RT/duroid 5880 ( r = 2.2, tanδ = 0.0004) using the milling machine
Summary
A significant interest is developed towards the flexible/semi-flexible devices to be worn for biomedical telemetry applications. In [21], a wearable antenna using a fabric material as a substrate, knitted copper as patch, and ground plane is designed for medical applications, the overall dimensions of the antenna are large to be used in any compact environment. In [23], different miniaturization technique are used to design a low profile wearable button antenna for WLAN applications with an omni-directional radiation pattern, using a flexible Velcro material as a substrate. In [25], a wearable antenna (circular patch and rectangular ground plane) for ISM band is designed using indigo jeans as a substrate. Ground plane and etching slots in the main radiator reduces the overall size of the antenna as well as assess in impedance matching at the desired band. The two slots and hook-shaped stub resonator combinedly assessed in miniaturization and
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