Abstract
In this article, the compact wideband elliptically slotted semi-circular patch radiator with the defected ground structure for sub-6 GHz applications is designed and developed. The proposed miniaturized patch radiator offers flexibility in adjusting the band of operation by varying the slot dimensions. The effective size reduction is achieved by comparing different iterations in the process of designing and the size of the regular circular-shaped radiator is reduced into the semi-circular radiating patch. The impact of the variation of effective radius of the semi-circular patch, major-axis radius of the elliptical slot, ground plane length, and feed line width is investigated. The size of the proposed radiator is 23.885 × 23.885 × 1.405 mm3. This compact structure manifests the wide bandwidth of 2140 MHz (3.2 GHz–5.34 GHz) with 50% of fractional bandwidth (FBW). The measured results show good agreement with the simulated results. The various parameters validate the utility of the radiator in the C band of super-high frequency (SHF) spectrum and n77 (3.3 GHz–4.2 GHz), n78 (3.3 GHz–3.8 GHz), and n79 (4.4 GHz–5 GHz) bands of the frequency range 1 (FR1) of the sub-6 GHz 5G spectrum.
Highlights
Printed patch radiators were originally presented in the 1950s, but they did not achieve success until the 1970's when they were propelled by the rapid advancement of the integration technology with digitization of wireless information to be transferred. Even though these antennas are compact, easy to fabricate with low production cost, and are easy to integrate with radio frequency circuits. These antennas suffer with low fractional bandwidth (FBW 1⁄4 7%) which proves their incompatibility with the current wireless technologies
The focus of the researchers is for the design of miniaturized patch radiators, which can be a feasible choice for integration with the existing 4G technologies and budding sub-6 GHz 5G cellular networks
The output characteristics retrieved from the different iterations are mentioned in Table 2, which clearly indicates that an elliptical slot is best to achieve wide bandwidth among all slotted designs as illustrated with adequate values of gain and the directivity
Summary
Printed patch radiators were originally presented in the 1950s, but they did not achieve success until the 1970's when they were propelled by the rapid advancement of the integration technology with digitization of wireless information to be transferred Even though these antennas are compact, easy to fabricate with low production cost, and are easy to integrate with radio frequency circuits. Structure helps to achieve circularly polarized characteristics and it improves the axial ratio bandwidth by using a D-shaped radiator In adding to these advantages a new slot antenna design for dual-band operation is proposed in which two adjunct arc-shaped slots are added to two main semi-circular slots etched on the ground plane to achieve the desired frequency bands [24]. The fabrication, measured results, validation of measured results with simulated results, and comparison of proposed ESSPR with existing designs are discussed in section 4, whereas section 5 presents the conclusion of the work
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