Abstract
Wideband excitation and control of Fano resonance and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), both of which rely on coherent interaction between two excitation paths, is challenging. It requires precise control and tuning of interacting resonances or coupling between different resonant structures over a wide frequency range. Gain (Stokes) and absorption (anti-Stokes) resonances associated with the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) process can be excited and controlled over a wide frequency range by tuning the pump frequency, its power and profile. We exploit coherent interaction between the Brillouin Stokes and anti-Stokes resonance, in radio frequency domain, to demonstrate Fano and EIT-like resonance over a wide frequency range and control their shape and strength optically and electrically. For the Fano resonance, the asymmetry and polarity are electrically controlled over an unprecedented frequency range (100 MHz–43 GHz) by varying the bias to the intensity modulator whereas, the strength is varied by tuning the Brillouin pump power and/or the bias. The depth and 3 dB linewidth of the transparency window in the EIT-like resonance are controlled using pump and probe parameters. The flexibility of the SBS process that allows wideband electrical and optical control of Fano and EIT-like resonance opens up the potential for applications that range from low-power switching, sensing to tunable RF delay.
Highlights
Asymmetric shape resonances were observed and studied by Fano for the first time in atomic systems owing to auto-ionization processes[1]
When this probe is detected using a wideband photo-detector followed by a vector network analyser (VNA), the resulting radio frequency (RF) response at the Brillouin shift arises from the beating of the carrier and the Stokes signal
We have demonstrated wideband excitation and control, using optical and electrical means, of Fano and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like resonance exploiting coherent interaction of Brillouin Stokes and anti-Stokes resonances
Summary
Asymmetric shape resonances were observed and studied by Fano for the first time in atomic systems owing to auto-ionization processes[1]. The flexible nature of the Brillouin process and its high efficiency has made SBS the natural choice for a large number of applications that range from slow-light[31,34,35,36], sensing[37], Brillouin cooling[38], Brillouin lasers[39,40] to wideband microwave photonic signal processing[41,42,43,44,45] These applications are enabled using backward or forward SBS process in optical fibers, photonic chips, silicon nanostructures and waveguides, hybrid circuits and optical resonators. Dynamic control of the Fano resonance and induced transparency over a wide frequency range, using optical and electrical means, opens way for a number of applications in the area of low-power switching, sensing, and microwave photonic signal processing
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