Abstract
Wideband Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (AVA) loaded with dielectric lens for fifth generation gigabit communication and millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging system is presented. The simulated results demonstrated that proposed antenna can be operated from 10 GHz up to 65 GHz band showing 146% fractional bandwidth. The designed antenna is considered for transmission of short time duration pulses covering 27–33 GHz frequency band. We examined time domain performance of our proposed AVA for an ultra-short 16 ps fifth derivative Gaussian pulse excitation. We found up to 11% improvement in pulse radiation efficiency for the 5th derivative Gaussian pulse excitation compared to conventional 1st order Gaussian. Moreover, gain improvement is up to 7 dB by loading half spherical dielectric lens over AVA. Further analysis is done by calculation of energy pattern and pulse fidelity factor (PFF) for both kinds of pulse excitations. Within 3-dB beamwidth of the proposed antenna PFF value is found more than 90%. The AVA with lens reduces the 3 dB energy beamwidth from ±18° to ±8° owning side lobe levels less than −20 dB. The proposed antenna is compact in size with physical dimension of 31×38 mm2.
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