Abstract
A wideband right-handed circularly polarized (CP) substrate integrated waveguide- (SIW-) based diamond ring-slot antenna array at the X-band is presented in this study. The array consists of four elements that exhibit wideband impedance matching characteristics and good radiation performance. The array also employs a sequential rotation feeding method to achieve the wideband axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The feeding network is based on the SIW power divider with a delay line related to sequential rotation feeding. To validate our design, an antenna array is fabricated and measured. The measured impedance and AR bandwidths are 19.2% (VSWR<2) and 14.1% (AR<3 dB), respectively. Moreover, the antenna has a stable CP peak gain of more than 12 dBic from 10.1 GHz to 10.7 GHz.
Highlights
Polarized (CP) antennas can solve problems in wireless channels, such as polarization mismatch generated by the Faraday effect and interference generated by the multipath effect
Parameter s is the distance from the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) shorted end to the feed location, which is denoted by s = 7.5 mm. d is the length of the delay line with an electrical length of 90∘ to compensate for the phase caused by sequential rotation
The measured and simulated right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) and LHCP radiation patterns in xoz and yoz planes at 10.3 GHz of the SIW antenna array are plotted in Figures 9(a) and 9(b), respectively
Summary
Polarized (CP) antennas can solve problems in wireless channels, such as polarization mismatch generated by the Faraday effect and interference generated by the multipath effect. A SIW-based slot antenna can improve the radiation efficiency because of its low loss characteristic. Such antenna can achieve a unidirectional radiation with its SIW structure. A 16-element top-wall SIW slot antenna [2] proposed two-compounded slot pairs to obtain a CP wave centered at 16 GHz; the usable bandwidth is just 2.3%. In [3], the authors proposed an X-band cavity-backed crossed-slot antenna fed by a single grounded coplanar waveguide. Both of these antennas exhibited the same problems, that is, a narrow impedance bandwidth less than 3% and a narrow axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of approximately 1% for AR less than 3 dB. The AR bandwidth for the array is increased to 14.1%, and the measured antenna gain is 13.48 dBic at 10.3 GHz in the boresight direction
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