Wide spectral photoresponse of template assisted out of plane grown ZnO/NiO composite nanowire photodetector

Abstract

Zinc oxide (ZnO) one-dimensional nanostructures are extensively used in ultra-violet (UV) detection. To improve the optical sensing capability of ZnO, various nickel oxide (NiO) based p–n junctions have been employed. ZnO/NiO heterojunction based sensing has been limited to UV detection and not been extended to the visible region. In the present work, p-NiO/n-ZnO composite nanowire (NW) heterojunction based UV-visible photodetector is fabricated. A porous anodic aluminum oxide template based electrochemical deposition method is adopted for well separated and vertically aligned growth of composite NWs. The photoresponse is studied in an out of plane contact configuration. The fabricated photodetector shows fast response under UV-visible light with a rise and decay time of tens of ms. The wide spectral photoresponse is analyzed in terms of conduction from defect states of ZnO and interfacial defects during p–n junction formation. Light interaction with heterojunction along the length of the composite NW results in enhanced visible photoresponse of the detector and is further supported by simulation.