Abstract
A normally on, high-performance quantum confined Stark effect asymmetric Fabry–Pérot reflection modulator with enhanced optical bandwidth is reported. The wide optical bandwidth is achieved by utilizing the variation in refractive index in the vicinity of the heavy-hole exciton. The nominal operating wavelength is set in the region where the on-state refractive index starts to increase and allows the Fabry–Pérot resonance condition to be maintained over a wide wavelength range. An optical bandwidth of 5 nm is achieved for an operating voltage of 7 V, insertion loss <2.5 dB, reflectance change >55% and contrast ratio >15 dB, and 7 nm if the contrast ratio is relaxed to >10 dB. These values are twice as wide as previously reported for a quantum confined Stark effect modulator structure, and correspond to an operating temperature range of 25 °C compared to 10 °C for conventional structures.
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