Abstract

SQUID magnetometers are widely used for biomagnetic measurements, such as magnetocardiogram (MCG) and magnetoencephalogram (MEG). In present biomagnetic measurement, a magnetically shielded room (MSR) is used to reduce environment magnetic noise. However, the MSR is very expensive and heavy. In recent years, several groups developed SQUID magnetometers with digitally controlled flux-locked loop (FLL) for MCG measurements without the MSR [1], [2]. These systems were used the flux quanta counting (FQC) method to extend the dynamic range. On the other hand, there is a problem that MCG measured without the MSR is very bad signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The direct-feedback gradiometer method was proposed to reduce environment magnetic noise [3]. This method is that the feedback flux of the reference magnetometer is applied to sensing magnetometer. Because the magnetometers have to operate stably, this method is used only in the MSR.

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