Wide bandwidth enriched symmetric hexagonal split ring resonator based triple band negative permittivity metamaterial for satellite and Wi-Fi applications

Abstract

Bandwidth is a vital factor for the transmission phase of satellite data that plays an important role in satellite performance. This paper presents a wide bandwidth enriched metamaterial consisting of symmetric hexagonal split ring resonator (SRR) with triple band negative permittivity and refractive index and near zero permeability for satellite and Wi-Fi applications. The electrical dimension of the designed metamaterial unit cell is 0.17λ × 0.17λ where wavelength (λ) is computed at a first resonance frequency and developed on a cheap dielectric material FR-4 (lossy) with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The proposed metamaterial contributes triple resonances for the transmission coefficient (S21) at the frequencies of 5 GHz, 6.88 GHz and 8.429 GHz with the magnitude of −33.79, −21.7 and −25.18 dB, respectively covering C and X bands through the numerical execution of CST microwave studio 2019. The effective bandwidth of the unit cell are 1.67 GHz (3.89 to 5.56 GHz), 0.52 GHz (6.59 to 7.11 GHz) and 0.98 GHz (7.98 to 8.96 GHz) where the value of S21 less than −10 dB. The first resonance frequency is used to high speed-bandwidth enriched Wi-Fi and satellite band. Wi-Fi is usually faster using 5 GHz frequency band. The rest of the resonance frequency can be used in satellite applications. A negative permittivity has been perceived at frequencies of 5 – 6.066 GHz, 6.88 – 7.409 GHz, 8.429 – 10.061 GHz using Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) methods with MATLAB code. The dependence of the resonance frequencies on the design parameters, substrate thickness, dielectric materials, the influence of the different structure of unit cell has also been examined. The designed unit cell structure with equivalent circuit diagram are analyzed and validated using Advanced Design System (ADS) simulator that exhibits similar to the S21 of the proposed structure. Furthermore, measurement results and Ansys high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) simulator results are also employed to verify the outcome. Due to the overall performance, such as wide bandwidth, excellent effective parameters of the designed structure, the proposed research can be very suitable for satellite and Wi-Fi applications.