Abstract
* Wide-awake hand surgery is both safe and effective for a multitude of common hand surgical procedures.* Wide-awake hand surgery provides the advantages of convenience and cost savings by avoiding preoperative testing and clearances and intraoperative anesthesia.* The use of epinephrine as a vasoconstrictive agent is considered safe.* Phentolamine can be used as a reversal agent in the event of an adverse reaction to epinephrine. Other agents, such as phenoxybenzamine and terbutaline, can also be utilized.* Patients undergoing wide-awake hand surgery have improved satisfaction and decreased pain.
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