Abstract
Wi-Fi positioning based on fingerprinting has been considered as the most widely used technology in the field of indoor positioning. The fingerprinting database has been used as an essential part of the Wi-Fi positioning system. However, the offline phase of the calibration involves a laborious task of site analysis which involves costs and a waste of time. We offer an indoor positioning system based on the automatic generation of radio maps of the indoor environment. The proposed system does not require any effort and uses Wi-Fi compatible Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensors. Propagation loss parameters are automatically estimated from the online feedback of deployed sensors and the radio maps are updated periodically without any physical intervention. The proposed system leverages the raster maps of an environment with the wall information only, against computationally extensive techniques based on vector maps that require precise information on the length and angles of each wall. Experimental results show that the proposed system has achieved an average accuracy of 2 m, which is comparable to the survey-based Wi-Fi fingerprinting technique.
Highlights
The precise indoor location information of a mobile node with ubiquitous resources in an environment is one of the hot topics in the field of geolocation technologies today
To configure sensors in the environment and register APs in the system, we have developed a mobile application that facilitates this process for a user to add the required information to the database
13 and 14 APs permanently installed are selected in each environment and 5 and 8 sensors connected to the ceiling are deployed, respectively for the Information and Communication Engineering (ICE)
Summary
The precise indoor location information of a mobile node with ubiquitous resources in an environment is one of the hot topics in the field of geolocation technologies today. Satellite Systems (GNSS) such as Global Positioning System (GPS) can only be used for outdoor location-based services (OLBS), while for indoor environments, satellite signals are strongly attenuated because of multipath effects, etc. Many IPS solutions have been proposed so far to enable indoor location-based services (ILBS) for complex indoor environments, including hospitals, airports, shopping malls, and so on. ILBS helps with resource management, which includes optimal deployment, locating, and monitoring of resources. IPS solutions are classified as infrastructure-based and infrastructure-free technologies. Infrastructure-based solutions primarily include Radio Frequency Identifier (RFID), RF, Bluetooth, and
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