Abstract
Why do typical magnetic metals and oxides have different Curie temperatures (TC)? For example, TC = 1404, 1043, and 631 K for Co, Fe, and Ni, respectively; and TC = 860 and 369 K for spinel ferrite Fe3O4 and perovskite manganite La0.7Sr0.3MnO3, respectively. Until now, no satisfactory explanation for this magnetic ordering puzzle has been found although Weiss proposed the molecular field assumption for magnetic ordering in 1907. In this letter, we propose an explanation for this puzzle using a Weiss electron pair model based on atomic physics theory.
Highlights
It is well known that Co, Fe, and Ni metals are typical ferromagnetic materials, with Curie temperatures of TC = 1404, 1043, and 631 K, respectively.[1]
In the calculation of the density functional theory (DFT), an energy term representing the Coulomb interaction and Pauli repulsive energy exists in the Hamiltonian function, but there is no similar energy term representing the electronic spin interaction, and instead there is an unknown function term including the magnetic exchange interaction and other unknown factors.[7]
In order to search for an energy term representing the electronic spin interaction, it is very important to understand why the typical magnetic materials have different Curie temperatures
Summary
An understanding of the physical mechanism of why these materials have different Curie temperatures will be beneficial for better explaining and predicting the magnetic ordering mechanisms of other magnetic materials, such as magnetic nano-solids,[4] magnetic films,[5] and magnetic nitrides,[6] which may have a broad transition temperature region for the paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic) transition, and may have canted magnetic structures. The magnetic order should be explained using the cohesive energy, including the atomic cohesive and magnetic ordering energy. In order to search for an energy term representing the electronic spin interaction, it is very important to understand why the typical magnetic materials have different Curie temperatures.
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