Abstract
The total grid-connected installed capacity of wind power in northwest China has grown from 16,260 MW in 2013 to 43,290 MW in 2016; an increase of 88.7% each year. However, this region has suffered from increasingly serious wind curtailment since 2014, and the wind curtailment amount accounts for nearly a half of China’s total. The wind curtailment rate of Gansu Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in this area has increased and remains high. This paper constructs an analytical model to explore the reasons of the high wind curtailment of these three provinces from the four aspects of the wind power supply capacity, demand, grid transmission capacity, power system flexibility and market mechanism and laws. The results show that the relationship between the wind energy distribution and supply and the local load is incompatible, which is the source causing the high wind curtailment in northwest China. On the one hand, the game between the local government and developers has driven the development of wind power bases. On the other hand, the electricity sector is growing slowly and oversupply of electricity is seen in many areas of China. The wind power grid of northwest China not only faces limit of grid transmission capacity, but also constraint of insufficient flexibility of the electricity system. Presently, China has not set up a market mechanism and subsidy mechanism for the peak load adjustment, thus the thermal power companies lack motivation to voluntarily adjust the peak load. Moreover, the regional segregation and market barriers are also obstacles for the wind power outward transmission.
Highlights
In 2008, China’s wind power started to grow rapidly, marked by the approval of a 10,000 MW wind power base in Jiuquan, Gansu Province, opening a new chapter of the new energy construction of China [1]
This paper aims at exploring why northwest China faced a large amount of wind curtailment and why the wind curtailment rate has remained high
This paper constructs an analytical model to explore the reasons of the high wind curtailment of Gansu Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from the four aspects of the wind power supply capacity, demand, grid transmission capacity, power system flexibility and market mechanism and laws
Summary
In 2008, China’s wind power started to grow rapidly, marked by the approval of a 10,000 MW wind power base in Jiuquan, Gansu Province, opening a new chapter of the new energy construction of China [1]. In 2013, the wind curtailment rate started to decrease with concerted efforts of the government departments, grid companies and the wind power industry, and the rationed electricity reduced to 16,200 GWh, down 4600 GWh, the. With growing grid-connected installed capacity, the wind curtailment in 2016 reached a new high in history with as high as 49,700 GWh of wind power being curtailed, an increase of 15,800 GWh compared with that in 2015, and almost four times of that in 2014. Installed capacity, the wind curtailment in 2016 reached a new high in history with as high as 49,700 GWh of wind power being curtailed, an increase of 15,800 GWh compared with that in 2015, and almost four times of that in 2014. This paper mainly analyzes the first three provinces (autonomous regions) as Qinghai and Shaanxi has lower wind curtailment
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