Abstract
Evolution of hot and dense nuclear matter produced in central Au+Au collisions at energies of NICA, FAIR, and SPS is studied within two transport models. Two interesting features in the matter behaviour are observed almost from the very beginning of the collisions, at t ≥ 2 fm/c, for all studied reactions. (i) Expansion of the system proceeds with constant entropy-per-baryon ratio. (ii) Effective equation of state has a linear form, P = aε, a ≃ const. Both observations support the formal application of hydrodynamics at the early stages of heavy- ion collisions, when the system is very far from the equilibrium.
Highlights
Hydrodynamic model for the description of hadronic, or rather nuclear, collisions at ultrarelativistic energies was formulated by Landau more than 60 years ago [1, 2]
Relaxation of hot and dense nuclear matter to equilibrium in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is a very interesting topic
More and more studies nowadays are investigating the applicability of hydrodynamic description to the systems far from equilibrium
Summary
Hydrodynamic model for the description of hadronic, or rather nuclear, collisions at ultrarelativistic energies was formulated by Landau more than 60 years ago [1, 2]. In the first approximation one may neglect the dissipative processes in the system, and equations (1(-(2) are reduced to well-known Euler equations for ideal fluid To complete this system of equations one needs to know the equation of state (EOS), which links pressure to energy density. One approach formulated in [6] concludes that hydrodynamic description with a large coarse-graining scale is sufficient for observables
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