Abstract
Water utilities that withdraw groundwater from aquifers should monitor withdrawals for potential impacts on other wells, wetlands, or surface water bodies. Monitoring wells can be constructed to monitor water levels in one or more aquifers and provide data for a historical record. Because monitoring usually isn't conducted before a well or wellfield is built and operating, impacts that occur after pumping begins are often attributed to well or wellfield operation. Unfortunately, without hydrologic data to the contrary, utilities may be required to offset the perceived impact, whether or not they caused it. In addition to water‐level data, this article discusses collecting precipitation and air‐temperature data near production wells and wellfields. Topics covered include: hydrologic conditions; rainfall and temperature; climatic variability; hydroperiod; hydrograph and hydroperiod analysis; drawdown; and, monitoring.
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