Abstract
We explore a simple example of a chaotic thermostated harmonic-oscillator system which exhibits qualitatively different local Lyapunov exponents for simple scale-model constant-volume transformations of its coordinateq and momen- tum p: {q,p} ! {(Q/s),(sP)}. The time-dependent thermostat variable ζ(t) is unchanged by such scaling. The original (qpζ) motion and the scale-model (QPζ) version of the motion are physically identical. But both the local Gram-Schmidt Lyapunov exponents and the related local exponents change with the change of scale. Thus this model fur- nishes a clearcut chaotic time-reversible example showing how and why both the local Lyapunov exponents and covariant exponents vary with the scale factor s.
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