Why Economics Has Not Accomplished What Physics Has?

Abstract

Abstract. The propagation of light in foams creates patterns which are explained by the Geometrical Theory of Diffraction, and some of these patterns are known as Parhelic-like circle or Parlaseric circle. We also present the analogy between the atmospheric phenomena known as Parhelic circle, Sun dogs and Sun pillars and the patterns obtained from light scattering in foams. Keywords: Parlaseric circle, Parhelic circle, Plateau borders, Geometrical Theory of Diffraction. 1 Introduction Scattering problems are at very heart of Physics, from Celestial to Quantum Mechanics, with particles or waves, we are always looking for a target. In our experiment, we are observing the light scattering in foams, and the results can be applied in Acoustics, Optics and Spectroscopy. Light through foams presents a complex behavior, for example, though the laws of ray reflection and refraction are simple, the boundary conditions for the light scattering are very difficult to be determined precisely due to many awkward technical aspects, such as nonlinearities, or if the thickness of the liquid films is sufficiently close to the wave length of visible light, there is light interference and thus produce the iridescent colors of soap bubbles. In this paper we discuss the chaotic scattering, diffusion and some aspects of the interface between wave and geometric optics. We have observed that the light scattering dynamics in foams can present two main process: a diffusive one related to Gaussian process and another one related to chaotic dynamics, similar to those observed in chaotic saddles, with some rays of light bouncing back and forth for a certain time, and leaving it through one of several exits. In addition to those behaviors, between geometrics and wave optics, we also have observed the phenomena of the theory of geometrical refraction, with the parlaseric circle.