Why do people sacrifice to approach rewards versus to avoid costs? Insights from attachment theory

Abstract

This research provides the first empirical investigation of how attachment orientations contribute to approach and avoidance goals for engaging in sacrifice. Study 1 is a cross-sectional study of individuals in dating relationships, and Study 2 is a 14-day daily experience study of dating couples. Results showed that attachment anxiety was associated with a greater frequency of sacrifice and more willingness to sacrifice for approach goals (particularly self-focused goals) and avoidance goals. Attachment avoidance was associated with a lower frequency of sacrifice, less willingness to sacrifice for approach goals (particularly partner-focused goals), and more willingness to sacrifice for avoidance goals (both self- and partner-focused). Daily sacrifice goals were also associated with the partner’s attachment orientation. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. It’s Saturday night, and you and your partner can’t agree on where to go for dinner. You want to try the trendy new sushi restaurant across town, but your partner is in the mood for a burger and fries. You had a long day at work and just want to curl up with a good book and go to bed, but your partner wants to go out for a night on the town. Situations in which partners have conflicting interests and desires are inevitable in close relationships. As the above examples reflect, these situations are oftentimes as mundane as