Abstract
The Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry recently issued a 35-year permit-based social forestry, called Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS), which was implemented in forestlands managed by the State Forest Corporation (SFC). IPHPS is a unique scheme because social forestry permits were previously granted on forestland unencumbered with rights. It provides more secure tenure rights (long-term permits), greater decision-making authority, and improved profit-sharing arrangements compared with the SFC’s co-management model. However, IPHPS has not attracted widespread interest from local communities. This paper aims to identify and to analyse factors that explain local communities’ low interest in the policy. Results show that local communities have not been attracted by the scheme because it requires them to undertake substantial investments in reforestation and make several payments to the government beyond their means. This paper highlights the specific challenges related to access mechanisms and benefits to local communities from the granted rights. Lastly, local communities were prone to manipulative persuasion by the SFC to continue the co-management model.
Highlights
For at least three decades, “community forestry” or “social forestry”, have been promoted as policy innovations that shift forest management responsibility from government institutions to local communities and encourage them to actively engage in forest management (FAO, 1978)
Based on the Ministerial regulation P.39/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/6/2017 issued by the Minister of Environment and Forestry, the Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS) provides more secure tenure rights and greater decisionmaking authority compared to the co-management arrangement implemented by the State Forest Corporation (SFC) (Ota, 2019; Resosudarmo et al, 2019)
IPHPS permits are granted for degraded forests, where forest cover is below 10% or under certain social conditions (P.39/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/6/2017)
Summary
For at least three decades, “community forestry” or “social forestry”, have been promoted as policy innovations that shift forest management responsibility from government institutions to local communities and encourage them to actively engage in forest management (FAO, 1978). Based on the Ministerial regulation P.39/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/6/2017 issued by the Minister of Environment and Forestry, the IPHPS provides more secure tenure rights (long-term permits) and greater decisionmaking authority compared to the co-management arrangement implemented by the SFC (Ota, 2019; Resosudarmo et al, 2019) After this policy was formalized, the initial stage of its implementation requires pre-permit activities, which include providing information about the government’s social forestry programs; facilitating the formal institutional development; assisting the local communities in preparing permit application and general management plans, assisting the local communities in inventory and identify the potential areas (Rahayu et al, 2020). With a poverty percentage of 14,39%, Ngawi is classified as one of the province’s poorest districts
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