Abstract

The global carbon cycle is one of the most important bio-geochemical cycles. Through photosynthesis, green plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere to produce organic matters, such as sugars, and covert solar energy into chemical energy. The organic matters are then used by all other life forms including humans. When ecosystems and atmosphere are in dynamic equilibrium, the flow of CO2 from the atmosphere into the biosphere because of photosynthesis should be equivalent to the flow of CO2 released back into the atmosphere by respiration. However, during the past century atmospheric CO2 concentration has increased substantially because of the burning of fossil fuels. It is highly likely that the atmospheric increase has resulted in global warming and sea level rise, as suggested by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) .

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