Abstract
Abstract Aims The present study investigated expression and overall function of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) on trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) in a whole-organ culture model to provide further information on association of TG with craniofacial nociception. Methods For TRPV1 receptor expression on neurons and SGCs, immunohistochemistry was performed on 24 cultured trigeminal ganglia isolated from male adult Sprague–Dawley rats. For the functional assay, the cultured trigeminal ganglia were treated with graded concentrations of capsaicin (0.1 μM, 1 μM, or 10 μM) or vehicle (0.1% ethanol in DMEM) and glutamate release was measured by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples were taken at 5, 15, and 30 min. Data from the functional assay were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. Results The preliminary results confirmed the expression of TRPV1 mainly on small (46.6%) and medium (44.2%) sized neurons. In addition, expression of TRPV1 on SGCs was shown. Functionality test of the whole-organ demonstrated a significant increase in glutamate concentration, 30 min after application of 10 μM capsaicin (31.69 ± 6.73 μM) in comparison with vehicle (9.83 ± 2.53 μM) and 0.1 μM capsaicin (11.59 ± 7.04 μM) (p < 0.01). Conclusions This preliminary study demonstrated the expression of TRPV1 on trigeminal neurons and SGCs in the whole-organ model. Furthermore, capsaicin-evoked glutamate release from the whole-organ culture was detectable under controlled conditions and provided a potential platform for further investigation on TRPV1 stimulation and pharmacological modulation in relation to craniofacial nociception.
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