Abstract
BackgroundSporobolomyces pararoseus is regarded as an oleaginous red yeast, which synthesizes numerous valuable compounds with wide industrial usages. This species hold biotechnological interests in biodiesel, food and cosmetics industries. Moreover, the ballistospores-shooting promotes the colonizing of S. pararoseus in most terrestrial and marine ecosystems. However, very little is known about the basic genomic features of S. pararoseus. To assess the biotechnological potential and ballistospores-shooting mechanism of S. pararoseus on genome-scale, the whole genome sequencing was performed by next-generation sequencing technology.ResultsHere, we used Illumina Hiseq platform to firstly assemble S. pararoseus genome into 20.9 Mb containing 54 scaffolds and 5963 predicted genes with a N50 length of 2,038,020 bp and GC content of 47.59%. Genome completeness (BUSCO alignment: 95.4%) and RNA-seq analysis (expressed genes: 98.68%) indicated the high-quality features of the current genome. Through the annotation information of the genome, we screened many key genes involved in carotenoids, lipids, carbohydrate metabolism and signal transduction pathways. A phylogenetic assessment suggested that the evolutionary trajectory of the order Sporidiobolales species was evolved from genus Sporobolomyces to Rhodotorula through the mediator Rhodosporidiobolus. Compared to the lacking ballistospores Rhodotorula toruloides and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we found genes enriched for spore germination and sugar metabolism. These genes might be responsible for the ballistospores-shooting in S. pararoseus NGR.ConclusionThese results greatly advance our understanding of S. pararoseus NGR in biotechnological potential and ballistospores-shooting, which help further research of genetic manipulation, metabolic engineering as well as its evolutionary direction.
Highlights
Sporobolomyces pararoseus is regarded as an oleaginous red yeast, which synthesizes numerous valuable compounds with wide industrial usages
We identified 5963 genes in the genome with an average length of 1620 bp and a mean GC-content of 47.26% that occupied 55.07% of the genome
We found that the significantly enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms of the S. pararoseus NGR species-specific genes containing, Cellular component (CC): nucleus, membrane, and integral to membrane; Molecular function (MF): Fig. 1 Phylogenetic tree of the order Sporidiobolales yeasts and outgroup species were constructed by Neighbor-Joining method and bootstrap analysis (1000 replicates) based on the alignment of the 26S rDNA sequence
Summary
Sporobolomyces pararoseus is regarded as an oleaginous red yeast, which synthesizes numerous valuable compounds with wide industrial usages This species hold biotechnological interests in biodiesel, food and cosmetics industries. The red yeast Sporobolomyces pararoseus (previously known as Sporidiobolus pararoseus) belongs to the order Sporidiobolales [5], which is classified in the subphylum Pucciniomycotina, an earliest branching lineage of Basidiomycota. This species has been documented from a broad spectrum of environments, ranging from freshwater and marine ecosystem, soil, and to plant tissue [6]. Genetic manipulation of S. pararoseus for large-scale torulene and torularhodin production will be one of the major aims of future research efforts
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