Whole Genome Sequence of Dermacoccus abyssi MT1.1 Isolated from the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench Reveals Phenazine Biosynthesis Locus and Environmental Adaptation Factors.

Wael M Abdel-Mageed,Dawrin Pech-Puch,Andrey V Karlyshev,Ali S Alqahtani,Burhan Lehri,Michael Goodfellow,Marcel Jaspars,Imen Nouioui,Jioji N Tabudravu,Bertalan Juhasz,Jaime Rodríguez

doi:10.3390/md18030131

Abstract

Dermacoccus abyssi strain MT1.1T is a piezotolerant actinobacterium that was isolated from Mariana Trench sediment collected at a depth of 10898 m. The organism was found to produce ten dermacozines (A‒J) that belonged to a new phenazine family and which displayed various biological activities such as radical scavenging and cytotoxicity. Here, we report on the isolation and identification of a new dermacozine compound, dermacozine M, the chemical structure of which was determined using 1D and 2D-NMR, and high resolution MS. A whole genome sequence of the strain contained six secondary metabolite-biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including one responsible for the biosynthesis of a family of phenazine compounds. A pathway leading to the biosynthesis of dermacozines is proposed. Bioinformatic analyses of key stress-related genes provide an insight into how the organism adapted to the environmental conditions that prevail in the deep-sea.

Highlights

The search for new natural products that can be developed as resources for healthcare has been focused on the isolation of micro-organisms from extreme biomes on the premise that harsh environmental conditions give rise to unique diversity which in turn is a source of novelMar
The results showed the presence of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) in addition to five potential secondary metabolite gene clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of ectoine, siderophores, a bacteriocin, terpenes, and a phenazine
Dermacoccus abyssi strain MT1.1T is an example of a deep marine strain with a genome that harbors six uncharacterized secondary metabolite-biosynthetic gene clusters

Summary

Introduction

The search for new natural products that can be developed as resources for healthcare has been focused on the isolation of micro-organisms from extreme biomes on the premise that harsh environmental conditions give rise to unique diversity which in turn is a source of novel. Mar. Drugs 2020, 18, 131; doi:10.3390/md18030131 www.mdpi.com/journal/marinedrugs. Mar. Drugs 2020, 18, 131 chemistry [1,2]. Culture-dependent strategies show that taxonomically novel actinobacteria isolated from deep-sea sediments and hyper-arid desert soils are a remarkably good source of new bioactive natural products [2,3,4]. A case in point is Dermacoccus abyssi MT1.1T , a novel piezotolerant strain, isolated from sediment collected from the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean [5], which produces a new ten-membered family of phenazines, the dermacozines [6,7].

Methods

Results

Conclusion