Whole genome identification of CBF gene families and expression analysis in Vitis vinifera L.

Abstract

The <i>CBF</i> (<i>C-repeat binding factors</i>) genes play important roles in response to abiotic stress and environmental changes. In the present study, a total of 18 <i>CBF</i> genes were identified from a grapevine. Their domains, phylogenetics, and collinearity were analysed. The results revealed, that 18 <i>VviCBF</i> genes were distributed on 10 chromosomes unevenly in the grape genome. Promoter data analysis showed that the <i>CBF</i> gene has many <i>cis</i>-acting elements related to plant growth and development, light response, hormone, and abiotic stress response. We found that six <i>VviCBF</i> genes including, <i>VviCBF5</i>, <i>VviCBF13</i>, <i>VviCBF14</i>, <i>VviCBF15</i>, <i>VviCBF16</i>, and <i>VviCBF18</i> differentially expressed during fruit developmental stages. Furthermore, four <i>VviCBF</i> genes including, <i>VviCBF1</i>,<i> VviCBF3</i>,<i> VviCBF6</i>, and <i>VviCBF11</i> were expressed at the early stage of bud dormancy, whereas, nine <i>VviCBF</i> genes were expressed at the bud dormancy-breaking stage. Additionally, various <i>VviCBFs</i> genes respond to different abiotic and biotic stress. These findings will lay a foundation for further study of the <i>CBF</i> genes in bud dormancy, downy mildew, and abiotic and biotic stresses.