Abstract
Rotaviruses (RVs) are a major etiological agent of acute viral gastroenteritis in humans and young animals, with rotavirus B (RVB) often detected in suckling and weaned pigs. Group A rotavirus classification is currently based on the two outer capsid proteins, VP7 and VP4, and the middle layer protein, VP6. Using RVB strains generated in this study and reference sequences from GenBank, pairwise identity frequency graphs and phylogenetic trees were constructed for the eleven gene segments of RVB to estimate the nucleotide identity cutoff values for different genotypes and determine the genotype diversity per gene segment. Phylogenetic analysis of VP7, VP4, VP6, VP1–VP3, and NSP1–NSP5 identified 26G, 5P, 13I, 5R, 5C, 5M, 8A, 10N, 6T, 4E, and 7H genotypes, respectively. The analysis supports the previously proposed cutoff values for the VP7, VP6, NSP1, and NSP3 gene segments (80%, 81%, 76% and 78%, respectively) and suggests new cutoff values for the VP4, VP1, VP2, VP3, NSP2, NSP4, and NSP5 (80%, 78%, 79%, 77% 83%, 76%, and 79%, respectively). Reassortment events were detected between the porcine RVB strains from our study. This research describes the genome constellations for the complete genome of Group B rotaviruses in different host species.
Highlights
Rotaviruses (RVs) are a major etiological agent causing acute viral gastroenteritis in humans and young animals, including young calves, weaning and post-weaning pigs [1,2]
This study identified percent identity nucleotide cutoff values for VP1, VP2, and VP4 while updating
VP3, NSP2, NSP4 and NSP5 cutoff values using additional porcine rotavirus B (RVB) strains from the US
Summary
Rotaviruses (RVs) are a major etiological agent causing acute viral gastroenteritis in humans and young animals, including young calves, weaning and post-weaning pigs [1,2]. The triple-layered capsid is comprised of the outer layer of VP7 and VP4, the inner layer of VP6, and the core VP2. RVs are classified into eight species (A-H) based on antigenic relatedness or sequencing of the inner capsid protein VP6. I and J, have recently been identified in fecal specimens from sheltered dogs in Hungary and guano samples from bats from Serbia, respectively [4,5,6]. The most common species infecting animals, including humans, are rotavirus A, B and C (RVA, RVB, and RVC, respectively), with RVA being the most prevalent, whereas
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