Abstract
Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. and Broome) Boedijin, a widely consumed mushroom in China and Thailand, is the first species in the order Boletaceae to have been industrially cultivated on a large scale. However, to date, the lignocellulose degradation system and molecular basis of fruiting body development in P. portentosus have remained cryptic. In the present study, genome and transcriptome sequencing of P. portentosus was performed during the mycelium (S), primordium (P), and fruiting body (F) stages. A genome of 32.74 Mb with a 48.92% GC content across 62 scaffolds was obtained. A total of 9,464 putative genes were predicted from the genome, of which the number of genes related to plant cell wall-degrading enzymes was much lower than that of some saprophytic mushrooms with specific ectomycorrhizal niches. Principal component analysis of RNA-Seq data revealed that the gene expression profiles at all three stages were different. The low expression of plant cell wall-degrading genes also confirmed the limited ability to degrade lignocellulose. The expression profiles also revealed that some conserved and specific pathways were enriched in the different developmental stages of P. portentosus. Starch and sucrose metabolic pathways were enriched in the mycelium stage, while DNA replication, the proteasome and MAPK signaling pathways may be associated with maturation. These results provide a new perspective for understanding the key pathways and hub genes involved in P. portentosus development.
Highlights
Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. and Broome) Boedijin is an ectomycorrhizal edible mushroom with a widespread distribution in tropical parts of China, especially Yunnan, Guangxi, and Hainan provinces (Zhang et al, 2017)
The Omics of Phlebopus portentosus artificially cultivated and produces sporocarps in artificial substances in vitro in greenhouses or factories in China and Thailand, making it the first species in the order Boletaceae to have been industrially cultivated on a large scale (Ji et al, 2011; Kumla et al, 2015; Zhang et al, 2017)
The molecular mechanisms associated with the ability of P. portentosus to promote plant cell wall degradation and fruiting body development remain ambiguous
Summary
Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. and Broome) Boedijin is an ectomycorrhizal edible mushroom with a widespread distribution in tropical parts of China, especially Yunnan, Guangxi, and Hainan provinces (Zhang et al, 2017). Broome) Boedijin is an ectomycorrhizal edible mushroom with a widespread distribution in tropical parts of China, especially Yunnan, Guangxi, and Hainan provinces (Zhang et al, 2017). Because it is rich in nutrients, e.g., polysaccharides, amino acids, mineral elements, and pyrrole alkaloids, this fungus is popular and widely used in these regions (Sanmee et al, 2010; Sun et al, 2018; Kumla et al, 2021). The molecular basis of these biological processes is not fully understood
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