WHO recommendations for the viruses to be used in the 2012 Southern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccine: Epidemiology, antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B influenza viruses collected from February to September 2011

Alexander Klimov ,Shigeyuki Itamura,Anne Kelso,Ian G Barr,Rebecca Garten,Zhiping Ye,Masato Tashiro,Othmar G Engelhardt,Takato Odagiri,Shu Yuelong,Wenqing Zhang,Gary Grohmann,Terry G Besselaar,Colin A Russell ,Derek J Smith ,Richard J Webby ,John W Mccauley ,Rod S Daniels ,Dayang Wang ,Xinhua Xu ,Nancy J Cox

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.089

Abstract

In February and September each year the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends influenza viruses to be included in influenza vaccines for the forthcoming winters in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres respectively. These recommendations are based on data collected by National Influenza Centres (NIC) through the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) and a more detailed analysis of representative and potential antigenically variant influenza viruses from the WHO Collaborating Centres for Influenza (WHO CCs) and Essential Regulatory Laboratories (ERLs). This article provides a detailed summary of the antigenic and genetic properties of viruses and additional background data used by WHO experts during development of the recommendations for the 2012 Southern Hemisphere influenza vaccine composition.

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