Who Moves Out of Social Housing? The Effect of Rent Control on Housing Tenure Choice

Abstract

Rent control provides substantial in-kind benefits to tenants of social housing. In the Netherlands these benefits equal almost 40% of the market rent on average. We show that rent control benefits for the 10% tenants with highest income are 5% points higher than the benefits for the 10% with lowest incomes. Next we provide evidence that rent control influences the housing tenure choice decision. We find that on average rent control reduces transitions within the social housing sector, but not transitions from the social housing sector. Only the 20% tenants with highest incomes postpone moves out of social housing in response to rent control. This suggests that the inequitable distribution of rent control benefits is prolonged by the reduction in transition rates out of social housing. It also suggests that recent policy in the Netherlands that reduces rent control benefits for high income households can increase the mobility of those affected.