Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a white mold whose contamination is widely spread in legumes for human consumption including beans, soybeans, peas, potatoes and seed plants. As fungal secondary metabolites are known for their toxicological activities and therapeutic effects, this study investigated the chemical profile, mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of an aqueous extract of S.sclerotiorum (AESS). A chemical profile of alkaloids, carbohydrates and isocoumarins was determined by NMR and UHPLC-UV-DAD-HRMS analysis. For colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 and non-cancer CCD-18Co cell lines, cytotoxic IC50 was 0.01598 and 0.04712ppm, and ROS generation were induced up to 22–51% and 12–21%, respectively. Genes including FAS, FASL, Caspases, PARP, p53, BAX, BIM and SURVIVIN mRNA involved in the apoptosis were upregulated up to 150–350% in both cells at 0.005–0.02ppm of AESS. In vivo study, the percentage of micronuclei was increased to 288% at 1000mg/kg b.w., indicating mutagenic effects. AESS did not cause breaks in DNA, as shown by the comet assay. As conclusions, AESS possesses cytotoxic activities where the IC50 in non-cancer cells is higher when compared to cancer cells, which may be useful in cancer treatment.
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